Digital economy GMV (current USD), Southeast Asia-6

Annual headline digital-economy GMV (e-commerce, transport & food, online travel, online media) for the six countries covered by the Google·Temasek·Bain e-Conomy SEA reports — Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore — 2019 onward, with gaps where a year's figure was not publicly citable. Figures are as published in each year's report edition; later editions sometimes restate. Note the Indonesia 2021 jump (post-COVID surge plus a methodology expansion in the 2021 edition).

Source: Google · Temasek · Bain, e-Conomy SEA · last checked 2026-06-12 · Compiled from official press releases and media coverage of each edition; provenance in docs/research/2026-06-12-econ-sea-gmv-research.md